R&D expenditure % GDP in Montenegro stood at 0.36% of GDP in 2019, according to World Bank. The latest value is down 0.14 percentage points from 0.5% of GDP in 2018. The highest value since 2003 was 1.23% of GDP in 2006, the lowest 0.31% of GDP in 2011. Montenegro ranked 62nd highest of the 98 countries in this dataset in 2019; Liechtenstein ranked first.
Data source: World Bank · Unit: % of GDP · Category: Technology and Internet · Explore more indicators on EconDash
R&D expenditure % GDP, measured in % of GDP, measures the total economic output of Montenegro. It represents the broadest indicator of economic activity, capturing production, income, and expenditure across all sectors — from manufacturing and services to agriculture and government. GDP can be calculated three ways: by adding up all expenditures (consumption + investment + government spending + net exports), by summing all incomes earned, or by totaling value added at each production stage. In Montenegro, the statistical agency compiles GDP data through comprehensive surveys of businesses, government records, and household expenditure patterns. While GDP per capita provides insight into average living standards, it does not capture income distribution, environmental costs, or unpaid work like caregiving. Nevertheless, GDP growth remains the most widely followed metric for assessing whether an economy is expanding or contracting.
R&D expenditure % GDP in Montenegro stood at 0.36% of GDP in 2019, according to World Bank.
The latest value is down 0.14 percentage points from 0.5% of GDP in 2018.
Montenegro ranked 62nd highest of the 98 countries in this dataset in 2019; Liechtenstein ranked first.
The highest value since 2003 was 1.23% of GDP in 2006, the lowest 0.31% of GDP in 2011.
| Indicator | R&D expenditure % GDP |
|---|---|
| Country | Montenegro |
| Category | Technology and Internet |
| Unit | % of GDP |
| Source | World Bank |
| Interactive chart | View on EconDash |
| API access | EconDash API documentation |
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World Bank. (2026). R&D expenditure % GDP — Montenegro [Data set]. Retrieved November 13, 2026, from EconDash: https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/MNE. Original source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
World Bank. "R&D expenditure % GDP — Montenegro." EconDash, 2026, https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/MNE. Accessed 13 Nov. 2026. Original source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS.
World Bank. 2026. "R&D expenditure % GDP — Montenegro." EconDash. Accessed November 13, 2026. https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/MNE. Original source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS.
@misc{econdash_r_and_d_expenditure_percent_gdp_mne,
author = {{World Bank}},
title = {{R\&D expenditure \% GDP --- Montenegro}},
howpublished = {EconDash},
year = {2026},
url = {https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/MNE},
note = {Accessed: 2026-11-13. Original source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS}
}Browse indicators available for Montenegro. Click any indicator to view its interactive chart, compare with other countries, and download historical data.
| Demographics | 56 indicators |
|---|---|
| Healthcare | 56 indicators |
| Macroeconomics | 103 indicators |
| Education | 7 indicators |
| Commodities and Energy | 82 indicators |
| Technology and Internet | 8 indicators |
| Transport and Logistics | 19 indicators |
| Labor and Employment | 36 indicators |
| Financial Markets | 36 indicators |
| Total indicators | 403 |