# Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) — OED
> Latest: -4.68 (2024). Change: -1.1% vs 2023.
- Frequency: Annual · Coverage: 1972–2024
- Data updated: 2026-10-08
- Source: World Bank — GC.NLD.TOTL.GD.ZS — https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GC.NLD.TOTL.GD.ZS
- License: CC BY 4.0
- Interactive chart: https://econdash.org/chart/wdi-gc-nld-totl-gd-zs/OED
## Recent values
| Year | Value |
| :--- | :--- |
| 2020 | -9.94 |
| 2021 | -7.81 |
| 2022 | -3.27 |
| 2023 | -4.63 |
| 2024 | -4.68 |
## How to cite
APA: World Bank. (2024). Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) — OED [Data set]. Retrieved November 13, 2026, from EconDash: https://econdash.org/chart/wdi-gc-nld-totl-gd-zs/OED. Original source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GC.NLD.TOTL.GD.ZS
## Full data
Full time series: https://econdash.org/docs/agent-payments (free API trial for core indicators of 10 major economies; otherwise an API key or pay per call)