# R&D expenditure % GDP — TEC
> Latest: 0.99 % of GDP (2023). Change: +6.9% vs 2022.
- Unit: % of GDP
- Frequency: Annual · Coverage: 1996–2023
- Data updated: 2026-10-08
- Source: World Bank — GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS — https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
- License: CC BY 4.0
- Interactive chart: https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/TEC
## Recent values
| Year | Value |
| :--- | :--- |
| 2019 | 0.97 |
| 2020 | 1.01 |
| 2021 | 0.97 |
| 2022 | 0.93 |
| 2023 | 0.99 |
## How to cite
APA: World Bank. (2023). R&D expenditure % GDP — TEC [Data set]. Retrieved October 10, 2026, from EconDash: https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/TEC. Original source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
## Full data
API / x402: https://econdash.org/docs/agent-payments (full time series requires payment)