# R&D expenditure % GDP — LCA
> Latest: 0.27 % of GDP (1999). Change: -0.3 pp vs 1998.
- Unit: % of GDP
- Frequency: Annual · Coverage: 1998–1999
- Data updated: 2026-10-08
- Source: World Bank — GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS — https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
- License: CC BY 4.0
- Interactive chart: https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/LCA
## Recent values
| Year | Value |
| :--- | :--- |
| 1998 | 0.57 |
| 1999 | 0.27 |
## How to cite
APA: World Bank. (1999). R&D expenditure % GDP — LCA [Data set]. Retrieved October 23, 2026, from EconDash: https://econdash.org/chart/r-and-d-expenditure-percent-gdp/LCA. Original source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
## Full data
Full time series: https://econdash.org/docs/agent-payments (free API trial for core indicators of 10 major economies; otherwise an API key or pay per call)